(一) Isishwankathelo sophuhliso lwesibane seLED
IKomishoni yeSizwe yoPhuhliso kunye noHlengahlengiso yaseTshayina ikhuphe “Umgaqo wokuphelisa izibane ze-incandescent e-China”, echaza ukuba ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha ka-2012, ukungeniswa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezibane ze-incandescent ezine-100 watts kunye nezibane ezikhanyisayo ezingaphezulu kuya kuvalwa. Ukusukela ngomhla woku-1 ku-Okthobha ka-2014, ukungeniswa kunye nokuthengiswa kwee-watts ezingama-60 nangaphezulu kwezibane ezikhanyisayo ezikhanyisayo azivumelekanga. Kulindeleke ukuba ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha yowama-2016, ukungeniswa nokuthengiswa kweewathi ezili-15 nangaphezulu kwezibane ezikhanyisayo zokukhanyisa ngokubanzi kuya kuvalwa, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukukhutshwa kwezibane eziqhelekileyo zokukhanyisa e-China kugqityiwe. Ngokunyamalala ngokuthe ngcembe kwezibane ze-incandescent, izibane ezikhokelwayo njengamandla amatsha okonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo ngokuthe ngcembe kwavela kwaye kwaziwa ngabantu.
Ngenxa yokunyuka kwexabiso lomgubo we-fluorescent, iindleko zezibane eziqhelekileyo zokulondoloza amandla ziyaqhubeka nokunyuka, kwaye izibane ezintsha ze-LED njengezibane zokukhanyisa ziye zangena ngokuthe ngcembe kwintsimi yombono woluntu. Ukususela ekuzalweni kwezibane ze-LED, ukukhanya kwabo kuye kwaphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo, ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwisalathisi se-LED ukuya kwintsimi yokukhanyisa kwe-LED. Izibane ze-LED ziguquka kancinane ukusuka kwizibane eziphezulu zokukhanya ukuya kwinto entsha yentengiso yesicelo.
Uhlalutyo lwesimo sokukhanya kwe-LED
Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, izibane ze-LED zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kubunjineli kunye neendawo zokuphucula ikhaya, ngokusisiseko zithatha indawo yokukhanya kwendabuko. Kwintsimi yokukhanyisa kwe-LED, izibane ezisezantsi zinokuthiwa ziluhlu oludumileyo, kuba umxholo walo wezobugcisa awuphezulu, ngokusisiseko iifektri ze-screwdriver zinokuveliswa. Akukho mda wokungenwa, nabani na unokuvelisa, ukunyakazela, okukhokelela kumgangatho ongalinganiyo, amaxabiso asuka kwiidola ezimbalwa ukuya kwishumi leedola, ngoko ke imarike yokukhanya kwe-LED yangoku isenesiphithiphithi. Kwangaxeshanye, ixabiso langoku lokukhanya licace kakhulu, ukusuka kwitshiphu, iqokobhe ukuya kwipakethelo kunye nezinye izincedisi abathengisi beendleko ngokwesiseko baqonde ngokucacileyo, kwaye ngenxa yesithintelo sokungena esisezantsi, abavelisi abaninzi, ukhuphiswano oluqatha, ngoko ke inzuzo yokukhanya kwe-LED xa kuthelekiswa nayo. ezinye iimveliso zorhwebo ziphantsi kakhulu.
Izibane ezisezantsi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zokuthenga, iiofisi, iifektri, izibhedlele kunye nezinye izibane zangaphakathi, ukufakela kulula kwaye kulula ukuba abantu bathande. Izibane ze-LED zizuza ilifa kuzo zonke iingenelo zezibane zemveli, ubushushu obuncinci, ubomi obude bokugcina amandla, kunye neendleko ezincinci zokugcina. Izibane ze-LED zangaphambili ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu ze-LED zokukhanya, ixabiso elipheleleyo alivunyelwanga ngabathengi. Ngokuncitshiswa kwexabiso le-chips ye-LED kunye nokuphuculwa kobuchwephesha bokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ubeke isiseko esiluqilima sokukhanya kwe-LED ukungena kwintsimi yorhwebo.
Izibane ze-LED zenziwe ngamaso e-LED, izindlu ezikhanyayo, kunye nombane. Kumaso okukhanya okusezantsi, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa amaso esibane anamandla amakhulu anjengentsimbi yesibane esisodwa se-1W, akufuneki asebenzise amandla amancinci anje nge-5050,5630 kunye nezinye iintsimbi zesibane, isizathu kukuba ukukhanya kwesibane esincinci samandla esibane kuqaqambile. ngokwaneleyo kodwa ukukhanya ukukhanya akwanelanga, kunye ne-LED downlight ngokubanzi irradiating umgama nkqo yi-4-5 yeemitha, ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya kwamandla aphantsi ukukhanya akwanelanga ukuba ukukhanya komhlaba akwanelanga. Izibane zezibane zamandla aphezulu, ngakumbi ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya odibeneyo, kuye kwaba ngabavelisi bokuqala bokukhanya kwe-LED. Okwangoku, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-high-power bead yesibane njengentsimbi yesibane esisodwa se-1W, eyenziwe kwi-downlight 1W, 3W, 5W, 7W, 9W, njl., ubuninzi bungenziwa ngokubanzi kwi-25W, ukuba ukusetyenziswa yeskimu sokudityaniswa kwamandla aphezulu sinokwenza amandla aphezulu.
Kukho iindawo ezintathu eziphambili ezimisela ubomi bokukhanya: izibane ze-LED, ukupholisa okukhokelela "uyilo lwegobolondo", kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla okukhokelwayo. Abavelisi bezibane ze-LED bamisela ubomi obuphambili bezibane ze-LED, okwangoku, abavelisi be-chip abakumgangatho ophezulu bangaphandle bane-United States CREE, i-Japan Nichia (i-Nichia), i-West Iron City, njl., i-crystal esebenzayo eTaiwan (e-China ngokubanzi ibhekisa ekuthengeni iimveliso zokupakisha ze-crystal led chip, ikakhulu eTaiwan okanye kwiifektri zokupakisha zeCross-Strait e-China), ukukhanya kwebhiliyoni, njl.
Ngokubanzi, abavelisi bokukhanya kwe-LED abakumgangatho ophezulu baya kusebenzisa iitshiphusi ze-CREELED zangaphandle, ubuncinci enye yeemveliso ezizinzileyo ezivunyiweyo kwimarike. Isibane esenziwe ngolu hlobo sinokukhanya okuphezulu kwendalo, ubomi obude, kodwa ixabiso alitshiphu, kwaye ubomi be-chip babakhiqizi baseTaiwan bude, kodwa ixabiso liphantsi ngokwentelekiso, elamkelekileyo kubathengi basekhaya baseTshayina phakathi kwemarike. . Ubomi betshiphu yemarike yengingqi yaseTshayina bufutshane, ukubola kokukhanya kukhulu, kodwa elona xabiso liphantsi libe lolona khetho lokuqala kwinani elikhulu labavelisi abancinci ukulwa namaxabiso. Loluphi uhlobo lwamaso isibane LED kunye chips LED zisetyenziswa kwakhona imisela ngqo indawo abavelisi ukukhanya LED kunye noxanduva lwentlalo thaca kushishino.
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla e-LED yintliziyo yezibane ze-LED ezisezantsi, ezinempembelelo enkulu kubomi bezibane ze-LED. Ngokubanzi, izibane ze-LED ziyi-110 / 220V umbane, imarike yendawo yaseChina yi-220V yombane. Ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lophuhliso lwezibane ze-LED, ilizwe alikayibeki imigangatho yonikezelo lwamandla ombane, ngoko ke umbane we-LED kwimarike awulingani, umfanekiso wendandatho uguquguqukayo, inani elikhulu lamaxabiso aphantsi e-PF, kwaye awukwazi. zakhukulisa imarike ngobonelelo lombane lwe-EMC. Ubomi be-electrolytic capacitor yonikezelo lwamandla kwakhona bumisela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi bonikezelo lwamandla, kuba sinovelwano kwixabiso, kwaye sifumana iindlela zokunciphisa iindleko zobonelelo lwamandla, okukhokelela ekuguqulelweni kwamandla aphantsi kwamandla e-LED. ukubonelela, kwaye ubomi benkonzo abukho ixesha elide, ukwenzela ukuba ukukhanya kwe-LED kuguqulwe "kwisibane sobomi obude" ukuya "kwesibane esifutshane".
Uyilo lokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bokukhanya kwe-LED lukwabalulekile kubomi bayo, kwaye ubushushu be-LED buhanjiswa ukusuka kwi-bead yesibane ukuya kwi-PCB yangaphakathi kwaye emva koko ithunyelwe kwizindlu, kwaye ke indlu idluliselwe emoyeni ngokusebenzisa i-convection okanye i-convection. Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwe-PCB kufuneka kukhawuleze ngokwaneleyo, ukusebenza kokutshabalalisa ubushushu kwegrisi eshushu kufuneka kube kuhle ngokwaneleyo, indawo yokulahla ubushushu yeqokobhe kufuneka ibe nkulu ngokwaneleyo, kwaye uyilo olufanelekileyo lwezinto ezininzi lumisela ukuba iqondo lobushushu le-PN alinakubakho. ngaphezulu kwama-65 degrees xa isibane se-LED sisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-chip ye-LED ikwiqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza kwaye ayiyi kuvelisa ukubola kokukhanya ngenxa yokuba ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu kwaye bukhawuleza kakhulu.
I-radiator ye-LED inokusombulula iingxaki ezihambelanayo ezibangelwa ukungakwazi kwe-radiator ukukhupha ukushisa kwi-bead yesibane kunye ne-PCB yangaphakathi: kwaye isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi welizwe; Yenziwe nge-aluminium ephezulu ye-6063, eyenza umphumo wokushisa ukushisa kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kokushisa kwelinye, ukufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu; Umphezulu weradiyetha uyilwe ngobuninzi bemingxuma yokuchitha ubushushu, kunye ne-heat sink ngaphandle kweradiyetha iyaqhuba ukuphumeza ukuhanjiswa komoya. Njengobuninzi bemibhobho yomsi, ubushushu be-LED bukhutshelwa phezulu, kwaye ubushushu buyachithwa kwi-sink yobushushu, ukuze kufezekiswe ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obusebenzayo.
Iimpawu kunye neenzuzo zokuhlalutya ukukhanya kwe-LED
I-LED njengomthombo wokukhanya yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwizibane zokukhanyisa, kodwa kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka, kodwa ibe luphuhliso olukhulu, okwangoku, iindidi ezininzi zokukhanyisa izibane ze-LED, ngokukodwa kubandakanywa izibane ze-LED, izibane ze-LED, izibane ze-LED, izibane ze-LED. ii-bulbs, izibane ze-LED, njl., kodwa enye yezona zinto zibanzi zophuhliso lwezibane ze-LED.
I-1, izibane ze-LED zinokuguquguquka okunamandla, izibane ze-LED azinangxaki yexesha lokuqalisa, amandla anokusebenza ngokukhawuleza ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokulinda ixesha elide, umbala womthombo okhanyayo, kufuphi nokukhanya kwendalo, ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuguquguqukayo, nayiphi na i-Angle eguquguqukayo, ukuguquguquka okunamandla, uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.
I-2, ukulungiswa kokukhanya kwe-LED kuphezulu, umthombo wokukhanya we-LED unokuqulunqwa ngamaqela amaninzi eemodyuli ze-LED, ukukhanya kwe-LED kunokuqulunqwa ngamaqela amaninzi eemodyuli ze-LED ze-cavity, musa ukuphazamisana, ukugcinwa lula, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nomthombo wokukhanya. uyilo oluzimeleyo, umonakalo kufuneka kuphela ukubuyisela inxalenye yengxaki, umonakalo ngamnye awuyi kuba nefuthe elikhulu ekukhanyeni okuqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokutshintsha isibane sonke.
I-3, ukukhanya kwe-LED ukuqala ukusebenza kakuhle, ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuthembekile, ixesha lokuphendula le-millisecond kuphela, linokufikelela kwimveliso yokukhanya konke, ukuxhathisa ukukhanya kwe-LED, ukumelana nemozulu elungileyo, ubomi obude.
4, isalathiso sonikezelo lombala wokukhanya kwe-LED siphezulu, umgangatho wesizwe wonikezelo lombala ofunekayo kweli xesha lokuphumla yi-Ra=60, isalathiso sombala wokukhanya komthombo we-LED siphezulu ngokubanzi kunomthombo wokukhanya wemveli, kwinqanaba langoku, isalathisi sonikezelo lombala wokukhanya kwe-LED. inokufikelela kuma-70 ukuya kuma-85. Kwi-Lediant, singafikelela kuma-90＋.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-11-2023