Incamake LED yerekana iterambere rusange
Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura ry’Ubushinwa yasohoye “Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukuraho amatara yaka mu Bushinwa”, iteganya ko guhera ku ya 1 Ukwakira 2012, gutumiza no kugurisha amatara yaka hamwe na watt 100 kandi hejuru y’itara rusange. Kuva ku ya 1 Ukwakira 2014, birabujijwe gutumiza no kugurisha watt 60 no hejuru y’itara rusange ryaka. Biteganijwe ko guhera ku ya 1 Ukwakira 2016, gutumiza no kugurisha watt 15 no hejuru y’itara rusange ryaka amatara yaka umuriro, bivuze ko icyiciro cyo kuzimya amatara rusange y’amatara yaka mu Bushinwa cyarangiye. Hamwe no kubura buhoro buhoro amatara yaka, yayoboye amatara nkimbaraga nshya zo kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije buhoro buhoro byagaragaye kandi bimenyekana kubantu.
Urebye igiciro cyizamuka ryifu ya fluorescent, igiciro cyamatara asanzwe azigama ingufu gikomeje kwiyongera, kandi amatara mashya ya LED nkibikoresho byo kumurika yagiye yinjira mubyerekezo rusange. Kuva amatara ya LED yavuka, umucyo wabo wagiye utera imbere, buhoro buhoro uhereye ku cyerekezo cya LED ujya mu muriro wa LED. Amatara ya LED agenda ahinduka gahoro gahoro kuva kumurongo wohejuru wo hejuru ugana kumurongo mushya w'isoko ryo gusaba.
LED yamurika isesengura ryimiterere
Nyuma yimyaka yiterambere, amatara ya LED yakoreshejwe cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi niterambere ryurugo, ahanini asimbuza amatara gakondo. Mu rwego rwo gucana amatara ya LED, amatara ashobora kuvugwa ko aricyo cyiciro gikunzwe cyane, kubera ko ibirimo tekinike bitari hejuru, cyane cyane uruganda rukora amashanyarazi. Nta cyinjiriro cyinjira, umuntu uwo ari we wese arashobora kubyara umusaruro, akavamo, bikavamo ubuziranenge butaringaniye, ibiciro biva ku madorari make kugeza ku madorari menshi, bityo isoko rya LED rimurika ryubu riracyari akajagari. Muri icyo gihe, igiciro cyo kumurika kiriho kiragaragara cyane, uhereye kuri chip, igikonoshwa kugeza gupakira hamwe nibindi bikoresho byabacuruzi basobanukiwe neza, kandi kubera inzitizi nke yinjira, abayikora benshi, irushanwa rikaze, bityo inyungu ya LED yamurika ugereranije nibindi bicuruzwa byubucuruzi biri hasi cyane.
Amatara maremare akoreshwa mubucuruzi, mubiro, inganda, ibitaro nandi matara yo murugo, kwishyiriraho biroroshye kandi byoroshye kubantu gukunda. Amatara maremare aragwa ibyiza byose byo kumurika gakondo, ubushyuhe buto, imbaraga ndende zo kuzigama ubuzima, hamwe nigiciro gito cyo kubungabunga. Amatara ya LED yambere kubera igiciro kinini cyamasaro ya LED, igiciro rusange ntabwo cyemewe nabakiriya. Kugabanuka kw'igiciro cya chip yamashanyarazi ya LED no kunoza ikoranabuhanga ryo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, yashyizeho urufatiro rukomeye kugirango amatara ya LED yinjira mubucuruzi.
Amatara ya LED agizwe namasaro ya LED, inzu yamurika, hamwe namashanyarazi. Ku masaro yamurika, birakwiye gukoresha amashanyarazi yamatara maremare nkisaro rimwe ryamatara 1W, ntagomba gukoresha ingufu ntoya nka 5050.5630 nandi masaro yamatara, impamvu nuko urumuri ruto rwa LED ruto ruba rufite urumuri ruhagije ariko ubukana bwurumuri ntibuhagije, kandi itara rya LED ntirishobora gukwirakwira kuburyo budahagije kuburyo butagaragara cyane. Amashanyarazi maremare cyane, cyane cyane urumuri rwumucyo uhuriweho, wabaye uwambere ukora amatara ya LED. Kugeza ubu, ibisanzwe bikoreshwa ni itara rifite ingufu nyinshi nk'isaro rimwe rya 1W itara, rikozwe mumuri 1W, 3W, 5W, 7W, 9W, nibindi, ntarengwa irashobora gukorwa muri 25W, niba gukoresha gahunda yo guhuza ingufu nyinshi nabyo bishobora gukora imbaraga zisumbuye.
Hariho ibice bitatu byingenzi byerekana ubuzima bwurumuri: amasaro yamatara ya LED, yayoboye gukonjesha "igishushanyo mbonera", hamwe no kuyobora amashanyarazi. Uruganda rukora amatara ya LED rugena ubuzima bwibanze bwamatara ya LED, kuri ubu, abanyamahanga bakora chip yo mu mahanga yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bafite Amerika CREE, Ubuyapani Nichia (Nichia), West Iron City, n’ibindi, ibicuruzwa biva muri Tayiwani bihendutse cyane (mu Bushinwa muri rusange bivuga kugura ibicuruzwa bipakira ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, cyane cyane muri Tayiwani cyangwa inganda zipakira ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa), urumuri rwa miliyari, n'ibindi.
Muri rusange, LED yamashanyarazi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru izakoresha imashini zo mu mahanga CREELED, byibuze kimwe mubicuruzwa bihamye bizwi ku isoko. Itara ryakozwe murubu buryo rifite umucyo mwinshi, kuramba, ariko igiciro ntabwo gihenze, kandi ubuzima bwa chip bwabakora Tayiwani nabwo ni burebure, ariko igiciro kiri hasi cyane, kikaba cyemewe cyane nabakiriya bo mubushinwa bo mumasoko yo hagati. Ubushinwa bwisoko ryisoko ryigihe gito ni gito, kubora kworoheje ni binini, ariko igiciro cyo hasi cyabaye ihitamo ryambere kumubare munini winganda nto zo kurwanya ibiciro. Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amatara ya LED n'amashanyarazi akoreshwa nabyo bigena mu buryo butaziguye aho abakora LED bamurika ndetse n'inshingano mbonezamubano zitangwa mu nganda.
Amashanyarazi ya LED numutima wamatara ya LED, agira ingaruka zikomeye mubuzima bwamatara ya LED. Muri rusange, amatara ya LED ni 110 / 220V, amashanyarazi yo mu Bushinwa ni 220V. Bitewe nigihe gito cyiterambere ryamatara ya LED, igihugu ntikirashyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho byogutanga amashanyarazi, bityo amashanyarazi ya LED kumasoko ntagereranywa, ishusho yimpeta irahinduka, umubare munini wibiciro bya PF, kandi ntishobora kwuzuza isoko binyuze mumashanyarazi ya EMC. Ubuzima bwa capacitori ya electrolytike yo gutanga amashanyarazi nabwo bugena mu buryo butaziguye ubuzima bw’itangwa ry’amashanyarazi, kubera ko twumva neza igiciro, kandi tugashaka uburyo bwo kugabanya igiciro cy’itangwa ry’amashanyarazi, bikavamo ihinduka rito ry’amashanyarazi ya LED, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi ntibwaba burebure, ku buryo itara rya LED rihinduka riva ku “itara rirerire” rihinduka “itara rirerire”.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa LED nacyo ni ingenzi kubuzima bwacyo, kandi ubushyuhe bwa LED buva mumasaro yamatara kuri PCB y'imbere hanyuma bukoherezwa mumazu, hanyuma inzu ikoherezwa mukirere binyuze muri convection cyangwa conduction. Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa PCB bigomba kwihuta bihagije, imikorere yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwamavuta yumuriro bigomba kuba byiza bihagije, ahantu hashobora gukwirakwizwa ubushyuhe bwigikonoshwa hagomba kuba kinini bihagije, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cyibintu byinshi byerekana ko ubushyuhe bwihuza PN budashobora kuba hejuru ya dogere 65 mugihe itara rya LED rikora mubisanzwe, kugirango harebwe niba ubushyuhe bwa LED buri hejuru yubushyuhe bukabije kandi ntibuzane vuba cyane.
Imirasire ya LED irashobora gukemura ibibazo bifitanye isano biterwa no kuba radiator idashobora kohereza ubushyuhe kumasaro yamatara na PCB y'imbere: hanyuma igasaba ipatanti yigihugu; Ikozwe muri aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru 6063, ikora ingaruka zo gutwara ubushyuhe no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe muri imwe, kugirango igere ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe; Hejuru ya radiatori yateguwe hamwe nubwinshi bwimyobo yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi ubushyuhe bwumuriro hanze ya radiatori burayobora kugirango umwuka uhuze. Kimwe n'ubwinshi bw'imiyoboro y'umwotsi, ubushyuhe bwa LED burasohoka hejuru, kandi ubushyuhe bukwirakwizwa binyuze mu cyuma gishyuha, kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugabanuke neza.
Ibiranga nibyiza byo gusesengura LED yamurika
LED nkisoko yumucyo yatangiye gukoreshwa mubikoresho byo kumurika, ariko imyaka mike gusa, ariko byabaye iterambere rikomeye, kuri ubu, ibikoresho bitandukanye byamatara ya LED, cyane cyane amatara ya LED, amatara ya LED, amatara ya LED, amatara ya LED, amatara ya LED, nibindi, ariko kimwe mubyerekezo byiterambere byiterambere ni amatara ya LED.
1, Amatara ya LED afite imiterere ihindagurika cyane, amatara ya LED ntabwo afite ibibazo byo gutangira, imbaraga zirashobora guhita zikora mubisanzwe, ntagikeneye gutegereza umwanya muremure, ibara ryumucyo, hafi yumucyo karemano, kwishyiriraho byihuse kandi byoroshye, Inguni iyo ari yo yose ishobora guhinduka, ihindagurika cyane, murwego runini rwa porogaramu.
2, LED yamurika irashobora gusubirwamo ni ndende, urumuri rwa LED rushobora kuba rugizwe nitsinda ryinshi rya modul ya LED, urumuri rwa LED rushobora kandi kuba rugizwe nitsinda ryinshi rya moderi ya LED cavity modules, ntirivange hagati yaryo, kubungabunga byoroshye, gutanga amashanyarazi hamwe nisoko ryigenga ryigenga, ibyangiritse bikenewe gusa gusimbuza igice giteye ikibazo, kwangirika kwabantu ntibizagira ingaruka nyinshi kumatara asanzwe, nta mpamvu yo gusimbuza itara ryose.
3, LED yamurika itangira imikorere nibyiza, byihuse kandi byizewe, gusa igihe cya milisegonda yo gusubiza, irashobora kugera kumucyo wose, urumuri rwa LED rumurika rwihuta, guhangana nikirere cyiza, kuramba.
4, LED yamurika ibara ryerekana amabara ari hejuru, urwego rwigihugu rusanzwe rwerekana amabara asabwa kuriyi ntera ni Ra = 60, LED itanga isoko yerekana urumuri rusanzwe rusanzwe rusumba urwego rwumucyo gakondo, kurwego rwubu, urutonde rwerekana urumuri rwa LED rushobora kugera kuri 70 kugeza kuri 85. Kuri Lediant, dushobora kugera kuri 90＋.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-11-2023